Self-care Agency for adults with type 2 diabetes, according to Dorotea Orem's Theory. Agencia de Autocuidado del adulto con diabetes tipo 2, según Teoría de Dorotea Orem.

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Diabetes is a disease with multiple adverse health implications. Given its chronic nature, patients will need to implement self-care measures. OBJECTIVE: Determine the self-care of adults with type II diabetes, and the correlation with sociodemographic and clinical characteristics based on the concepts of Dorotea Orem's theory. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Descriptive, cross-sectional and correlational study. The population of 535 adult patients diagnosed with type II diabetes from a health institution in Cartagena. A sample of 224 was estimated by simple random probabilistic method. Instruments were applied to measure sociodemographic characteristics and the capacity for self-care agency. The data were processed in IBM SPSS v24 software. Absolute and relative frequency tables and percentages were shown. Spearman's r statistics and its p values ​​were used. RESULTS: 224 adults between 50-59 years old (33.5%), women (49.6%) and men (50.4%), married (65.6%), living as a couple (80.4%) participated, urban (72.3%), with a high school diploma (48.8%), housewives (29.9%). Adequate self-care prevailed (89.7%) with the dimensions measured above 82%. It was confirmed that the variables sex, marital status, origin, number of children, occupation and time with diagnosis showed statistical significance with the self-care agency (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: It was established that the participants showed abilities to manage diabetes, according to the Orem self-care model, therefore, it can be stated that the disciplinary theory is current and allowed the proposed objective to be measured.