Relación entre estrés laboral, alucinación y experiencias anómalas entre profesionales de enfermería
Relación entre estrés laboral, alucinación y experiencias anómalas entre profesionales de enfermería
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Objetivo: evaluar el tipo y frecuencia de experiencias perceptuales inusuales en ámbitos hospitalarios, así como su relación con el estrés laboral y la absorción, y comparar tales experiencias en enfermeros (os) que las han tenido. Materiales y Métodos: se analizó una muestra de 39 enfermeros (as) con tales experiencias y un grupo control de 61 profesionales (sin experiencias). Las enfermeros (as) completaron cuatro instrumentos: la Encuesta de Experiencias Anómalo/Paranormales en Enfermeras y Trabajadores de la Salud, el Maslach Burnout Inventory que mide el estrés laboral, el Cuestionario de Experiencias Alucinatorias que evalúa la propensión a la alucinación y la Escala de Absorción de Tellegen que evalúa el grado de involucramiento en la percepción. Resultados: los profesionales que reportaron tales experiencias no tendían a experimentar mayor estrés laboral, en comparación con un grupo control, en contra de la principal hipótesis; sin embargo, mostraron mayor frecuencia experiencias perceptivas anómalas asociadas a la capacidad de absorción psicológica, que resultó el principal predictor entre enfermeras con experiencia y el grupo control [β= 0,33, p= 0,005; R2= 0,12] combinando estrés laboral y propensión a la alucinación. Conclusión: el análisis estadístico confirma que los profesionales de enfermería que reportan experiencias perceptuales inusuales, tienden a mostrar mayor absorción psicológica, de igual forma, mayor propensión a alucinar; sin embargo, ninguna de estas variables se relaciona con el estrés laboral. El turno de noche es el más propenso a estas experiencias.
PALABRAS CLAVE: estrés laboral, enfermería, parapsicología, percepción extrasensorial.
Relationship between work stress, hallucination and abnormal experiences among nursing professionals
ABSTRACT
Objective: evaluate the type and frequency of unusual perceptual experiences in hospital areas, as well as its relationship with work stress and absorption, and compare such experiences in nurses who have had. Materials and Methods: a sample of 39 nurses with such experiences and a control group of 61 professionals (without experiences) were analyzed. The nurses completed four instruments: The Survey of Abnormal/Paranormal Experiences in Nurses and Health Workers, the Maslach Burnout Inventory that measures work stress, the Questionnaire of Hallucinatory Experiences that evaluates the tendency of hallucinating, and the Tellegen Absorption Scale that assesses the degree of involvement in perception. Results: the professionals that reported such experiences did not tend to experience major work stress, in comparison to a control group, in opposition to the first hypothesis; however, they showed more frequency to abnormal perceptual experiences associated with the capacity of psychological absorption, which resulted in the main predictor between nurses with experience and the control group [β= 0,33, p= 0,005; R2= 0,12] combining work stress and tendency of hallucination. Conclusion: the statistical analysis confirms that the nursing professionals that report unusual perceptual experiences, tend to show a greater psychological absorption, likewise, a greater tendency to hallucinate; however, none of these variables is related with work stress. The night shift is the most prone to these experiences.
KEYWORDS: burnout professional, nursing, parapsychology, extrasensory perception.
Relação entre estresse de trabalho, alucinação e experiências anômalas entre professionais de enfermagem
RESUMO
Objetivo: avaliar o tipo e frequência de experiências perceptuais incomuns em âmbitos hospitalários, assim como sua relação com o estresse de trabalho e a absorção, e comparar tais experiências em enfermeiras (os) que tiveram. Materiais e Métodos: analisou-se uma amostra de 39 enfermeiras (os) com tais experiências e um grupo controle de 61 professionais (inexperientes). As enfermeiras (os) completaram quatro instrumentos: a Pesquisa de Experiências Anômalo/Paranormais em Enfermeiras e Trabalhadores da Saúde, o Maslach Burnout Inventory que mede o estresse de trabalho, o Questionário de Experiências Alucinatórias que avalia a propensão à alucinação e a Escala de Absorção de Tellegen que avalia o grau de envolvimento na percepção. Resultados: os professionais que reportaram tais experiências não tenderam a experimentar maior estresse de trabalho, em comparação com um grupo controle, contra a hipótese principal; porém, mostraram maior frequência de experiências perceptivas anômalas associadas à capacidade de absorção psicológica, que resultou o principal preditor entre enfermeiras com experiência e o grupo controle [β= 0,33, p= 0,005; R2= 0,12] combinando estresse de trabalho e propensão à alucinação. Conclusões: a análise estadística confirma que os professionais de enfermagem que reportam experiências perceptuais incomuns, tendem a mostrar maior absorção psicológica; de igual maneira, maior propensão a alucinar; no entanto, nenhuma destas variáveis se relaciona com o estresse de trabalho. O turno da noite é o mais propenso a esse tipo de experiência.
PALAVRAS-CHAVE: esgotamento profissional, enfermagem, parapsicologia, percepção extra-sensorial.
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