Experiências da Equipe de Enfermagem na Redução da Dor Cardíaca Pós-Cirúrgica com Terapias Complementares
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Objetivo: Conhecer as experiências da equipe de enfermagem no controle da dor e o uso de intervenções não farmacológicas em pacientes no pós-operatório de cirurgia cardiovascular. Materiais e métodos: Estudo qualitativo com um desenho fenomenológico descritivo. Participaram do estudo nove enfermeiros e três técnicos que trabalhavam na unidade de terapia intensiva (UTI) cardiovascular, com pelo menos dois anos de experiência na UTI e que estavam envolvidos exclusivamente no trabalho de assistência. A entrevista fenomenológica foi aplicada a essa população. A saturação de informações foi a medida que estabeleceu o tamanho final da amostra. Resultados: Foram identificados cinco temas fenomenológicos: empatia e sensibilidade na detecção da dor, percepção objetiva da dor, intervenções não farmacológicas como complemento, interação interpessoal como elo terapêutico, requisitos e barreiras para a aplicação de intervenções não farmacológicas. Dentro desses temas, foram agrupadas 69 unidades de significado. Conclusão: O manejo da dor em pacientes no pós-operatório de cirurgia cardiovascular é um grande desafio percebido pela equipe de enfermagem, uma vez que requer comprometimento e sensibilidade na identificação oportuna das manifestações e dos fatores desencadeantes da dor, levando ao tratamento ou à redução do sintoma por meio de medidas farmacológicas nas fases agudas e, concomitantemente, facilitando outros cuidados não farmacológicos focados no atendimento humanizado, na comunicação, na terapia e na família.
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