Técnicas estadísticas y logro de aprendizaje: revisión bibliográfica
Statistical techniques and learning achievement: literature review
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El objetivo de este escrito fue describir las diferentes técnicas estadísticas que han sido empleados para comprender o explicar el logro de aprendizaje, en estudiantes en diferentes niveles educativos. Desde el punto de vista teórico se consolidaron las categorías a priori, provenientes de las técnicas estadísticas (Modelos Multinivel, Modelos geoespaciales, Regresión, Clustering, Análisis Descriptivo, Redes Neuronales, Árboles de decisión, Bosques aleatorios, NaiveBayes y Support Vector Machine), así como la conceptualización de Logro de Aprendizaje. El enfoque metodológico para la revisión se hizo a partir del mapeamiento informacional bibliográfico. Entre los resultados se encontraron 50 documentos de diferentes bases de datos (Elsevier (1), Google Scholar (6), IEEE (4), Scielo (2), ScienceDirect (5), Scopus (31), y Springer (1)), que estudian diferentes regiones del mundo (Asia (17), América del sur (13), América del norte (8), Europa (6), África (5), Oceanía (4), Centro América (3), junto con la orientación a explicar (17), comprender (31) o comprender y explicar (2).Adicionalmente, se identificó un conjunto de variables emergentes en los diferentes reportes, entre las que se encuentra, con mayor relevancia, el nivel socioeconómico, género, afectividad, antecedentes y características y posibilidades de los padres.
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