Efecto de los factores determinantes para el establecimiento de microesquejes de papaya (Carica papaya L.)
Efecto de los factores determinantes para el establecimiento de microesquejes de papaya (Carica papaya L.)
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El objetivo fue determinar los efectos de los factores para el establecimiento de microesquejes de papaya. Se incluyeron los efectos de los factores: 1. Protocolo de desinfección. 2. Variedad. 3. Edad de la planta donadora. 4. Número de yemas por microesquejes. 5. Los componentes hormonales en los medios de cultivo y 6. La temperatura de desarrollo de los microesquejes. Los resultados se analizaron estadísticamente mediante tablas de contingencia. También se encontró la correlación entre las variables. Los resultados indican que las mejores condiciones para el establecimiento de los microesquejes fueron: 1.Desinfección con hipoclorito al 1,5% durante 5 minutos. 2. La variedad de papaya Roja Melonera. 3. La edad optima de las plantas donadora fue a los 60 días. 4. Los mejor microesquejes eran los que poseía 2 yemas. 5. La relación hormonal optima fue ANA 0,1 mg/l y BAP 0,5 mg/l. 6. La temperatura de desarrollo óptima fue a 27° C. Se concluyó que todos los factores estudiados presentaron efecto sobre el desarrollo y crecimiento de los microesquejes de papaya. De esta forma es necesario abordar estos procesos con un enfoque multifactorial.
Palabras clave: Carica papaya, microesqueje, establecimiento, multifactorial.
Abstract
Previous studies on apical and axilar microesqueje micropropagation of papaya have been lined up and without a systemic working. Consequently, it arises the actual research, which brough into study all the variables and parameters and their relationships, in order to improve the vitroplants production process, more efficiently. The main purpose of this study was to establish the effects of the former and in vitro factors, which have incidence upon the establishment of microesquejes. The effects of the former variables previous to the in vitro growing, which were studied, were: Sanitizing procedure, variety incidence, mother plant age incidence, among other ones. On the other hand, the in vitro variables studied were: temperature and hormonal compositions of the crops. Respuestas Año 15 No. 1 Junio 2010 ISSN 0122-820X This research was held at the vegetal biotechnology laboratory, which belongs to the biotechnology complex of the Universidad Francisco de Paula Santander in “Los Patios” Norte de Santander, Colombia. The experimental procedure was held with two months old plants from “Maradol” and “Roja Melonera” varieties. In order to accomplish the different effects of each one of the variables, it was used qualitative statistical method for their measurements. The final results showed that all factors were important to the papaya microesquejes micro propagation. As a result, the actual conclusion was to introduce the necessity to give a systemic focusing to the process in order to improve the efficiency in the vitroplants production, where all the factors and their relationships must be considered. Finally, the most important goal of this study is that all these results could be extended beyond other researches related to tropical fruits micro propagation, so important to the tropical micro propagation workers.
Key Words: Carica papaya, microcuttings, establishment, multifactors.
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