Esperanza en el cuidado de pacientes con cáncer avanzado
Hope in the care of patients with advanced cancer
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La esperanza es un constructo multidimensional, guiado por los atributos motivacionales y cognitivos del individuo; es una dimensión intrínseca en la atención del paciente con cáncer en diferentes ambientes de práctica clínica. Este análisis tiene como objetivo reflexionar sobre el constructo de la esperanza en pacientes con cáncer avanzado, respaldado por las etapas del ciclo de reflexión de la experiencia (descripción, sentimientos, evaluación, análisis, el plan de acción y conclusiones). En diversos contextos de cuidados, nos encontramos con pacientes que desconocen la etapa avanzada del cáncer y los objetivos del tratamiento. Esta situación resulta en múltiples sesgos, como una esperanza exacerbada o una cura poco realista, y potencia el sufrimiento psicoemocional. La comunicación comprensible promueve la supervivencia con calidad, la autotrancendencia y una muerte pacífica. Para (no) concluye, la comprensión de la experiencia humana de la persona con cáncer y la comunicación cualitativa deben ser la base para orientar el plan de cuidados en la promoción de la esperanza más allá de la enfermedad avanzada, ya que la esperanza es algo positivo y esencial para la salutogénesis.
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