Distracciones durante la práctica clínica de enfermería: revisión integrativa
Distractions during nursing clinical practice: integrative review
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Introducción: Las distracciones son cualquier acción externa que interrumpe la atención del enfermero durante el desempeño de una actividad que puede resultar o no en la alteración, prolongación, cambio o suspensión de la tarea primaria por una tarea secundaria no planificada. Las distracciones también conocidas como interrupciones pueden resultar de múltiples fuentes externas o internas al individuo que tienen el potencial de impactar favorable o desfavorablemente en su desempeño profesional. Es por ello, que el presente estudio busca analizar la evidencia disponible sobre las “distracciones” experimentadas por los enfermeros durante su práctica clínica. Metodologia: revisión integrativa de la literatura realizada en 12 bases de datos, con sintaxis de palabras claves entre 1998 - 2018. Se seleccionaron 25 artículos. Resultados: se identificaron 12 atributos que dan forma a la anatomía del concepto y 7 estrategias de manejo que los enfermeros han desarrollado como fruto de la experiencia, el ejemplo y el ensayo y, el error. Conclusiones: las distracciones tienen un efecto mental (ejemplo: divide la atención) y psicológico (ejemplo: sensación de no poder terminar una tarea, sensación que algo se olvida o que algo falta, frustración) en el individuo que lo lleva a desarrollar estrategias para disminuir su efecto deletéreo.
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