Distracciones durante la práctica clínica de enfermería: revisión integrativa

Distractions during nursing clinical practice: integrative review

Contenido principal del artículo

Olga Lucía Gaitán-Gómez
Patricia Aristizabal
Luz Stella Bueno-Robles
Resumen

Introducción: Las distracciones son cualquier acción externa que interrumpe la atención del enfermero durante el desempeño de una actividad que puede resultar o no en la alteración, prolongación, cambio o suspensión de la tarea primaria por una tarea secundaria no planificada. Las distracciones también conocidas como interrupciones pueden resultar de múltiples fuentes externas o internas al individuo que tienen el potencial de impactar favorable o desfavorablemente en su desempeño profesional. Es por ello, que el presente estudio busca analizar la evidencia disponible sobre las “distracciones” experimentadas por los enfermeros durante su práctica clínica. Metodologia: revisión integrativa de la literatura realizada en 12 bases de datos, con sintaxis de palabras claves entre 1998 - 2018. Se seleccionaron 25 artículos.  Resultados: se identificaron 12 atributos que dan forma a la anatomía del concepto y 7 estrategias de manejo que los enfermeros han desarrollado como fruto de la experiencia, el ejemplo y el ensayo y, el error. Conclusiones: las distracciones tienen un efecto mental (ejemplo: divide la atención) y psicológico (ejemplo: sensación de no poder terminar una tarea, sensación que algo se olvida o que algo falta, frustración) en el individuo que lo lleva a desarrollar estrategias para disminuir su efecto deletéreo.

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Biografía del autor/a (VER)

Olga Lucía Gaitán-Gómez, Universidad Simón Bolívar

Enfermera. MSc Ciencias Biomédicas. Ph.D (c) en Enfermería. Becaria Colciencias convocatoria 727, Docente del programa de Enfermería Universidad Simón Bolívar. Barranquilla, Atlántico. Colombia. Correo: gaitanol2012@yahoo.com

Patricia Aristizabal, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México

Enfermera, MSc en enfermería, Ph.D en Ciencias en Sistemas de Salud. Docente de Tiempo Completo de la Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. México. Correo: aristizabalh.patricia@gmail.com   

Luz Stella Bueno-Robles, Universidad Nacional de Colombia

Enfermera. Especialista en Enfermería Oncológica, Ph.D Enfermería. Profesora Asociada.  Universidad Nacional de Colombia – Sede Bogotá – Facultad de Enfermería – Departamento de Enfermería. Bogotá, Colombia. Correo: lsbuenor@unal.edu.co

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