Fabricación de espumas de SiC de bajo costo a partir de azúcar y plantillas poliméricas recicladas

Fabrication of low-cost SiC foams from sugar and recycled polymeric templates

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Las espumas cerámicas macroporosas son utilizadas en diferentes campos debido a sus propiedades únicas, que incluyen: baja densidad, baja conductividad térmica, alta permeabilidad, estabilidad a altas temperaturas y alta resistencia al ataque químico. Las espumas de carburo de silicio (SiC) altamente porosas son materiales de gran interés en diferentes aplicaciones industriales como absorción, soportes catalíticos, aislamiento térmico, entre otros, debido a su inercia química, gran área superficial, baja resistencia al flujo, baja caída de presión, así como alta resistencia a la temperatura y a la corrosión. En este trabajo, se fabricaron espumas de SiC altamente porosas mediante una técnica de réplica en plantilla, utilizando espumas poliméricas recicladas como plantillas de sacrificio. Como precursor, se usó una resina a base de sacarosa con contenido de sílice en polvo. Las plantillas poliméricas se impregnaron, seguido de tratamiento térmico a 1500 °C bajo atmósfera inerte. El efecto de la relación de masa C/SiO2 (1.0-1.75) en el precursor y el uso de alúmina (0.5 - 2.5 % p/v) como aditivo de sinterización se evaluaron en términos de la morfología de las espumas resultantes, así como del rendimiento de SiC.

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