Support tool for the calibration of numerical models of drainage systems in urban environments using digital image processing.
Herramienta de apoyo para la calibración de modelos numéricos de sistemas de drenaje en ambientes urbanos empleando procesamiento digital de imágenes.
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Numerical modeling of drainage systems in urban environments physically based on surface runoff processes, such as flood zone analysis or hazard assessment, requires an adequate and accurate calibration of physical factors to simulate surface flows and thus achieve results that resemble reality. This calibration in most models is a difficult phase to achieve due to the scarcity of flow velocity and depth data measured in the field when flooding is occurring. The objective of this article is to present the advances in the use of digital image processing techniques for the semi-automatic estimation of flood levels in urban environments by means of a first phase implementation at laboratory scale. For the study, an experimental test model was used, consisting of a rectangular channel 250 centimeters (cm) long and a nominal section of 5.35 cm wide and 12 cm high, which is connected to a volumetric hydraulic bank for the permanent supply of water as an input condition to the model. The channel allowed the regulation of its longitudinal slope, simulating an urban road through which runoff water flows. The comparison of the manually measured data and the flow depth values achieved under the digital image processing technique was carried out, showing a good performance in the determination of the fluid heights for the different flow rates worked in the experimental model, with low values of the mean square error (MSE) and the root mean square error (RMSE), showing in each measurement lags of less than one millimeter (mm), with values between 0.1 and 0.6 mm. Finally, the results of the research showed that the technique presented is a non-invasive measurement method that, unlike other existing techniques, does not generate disturbances in the flow and is therefore very useful for flows with very small depths and high velocities.
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