Viviendas con Electricidad Neutral con un Caso de Estudio en el Área Metropolitana de Bogotá-Colombia
Neutral Electricity Houses with a Case Study in the Metropolitan Area of Bogotá-Colombia
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Este artículo revisa el desarrollo actual para incrementar el acceso a la electricidad y la implementación de viviendas con electricidad neutral (viviendas autónomas no conectadas a la red eléctrica) en diferentes escenarios. Además, se presentan con más detalle las posibles direcciones de investigación para tecnologías de viviendas con electricidad neutral. Para esto, se describe un caso de una posible vivienda con electricidad neutral en Colombia junto con algunos resultados iniciales de simulaciones usando energía solar fotovoltaica, una nueva batería a base de sal marina (the Sea-Salt battery) y una celda de combustible a base de glicerol (the Glycerol Fuel Cell) como sistema de respaldo. Las simulaciones utilizan el software BEopt y DstorageS. Este análisis se realiza utilizando datos medidos de consumo de electricidad en una vivienda localizada en la zona metropolitana de Bogotá-Colombia. Resultados preliminares muestran que una vivienda en Colombia puede funcionar con electricidad neutral, al tener una energía solar FV de 4 kW con una batería de sal marina de 10 kWh y una celda de combustible de glicerol de 2 kW funcionando de forma autónoma durante todo el año 2019.
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