Sensitivity of tomato plants to the wild caused by fusarium oxysporum under conditions of salinity
Sensibilidad De Plantas De Tomate Al Marchitamiento Causado Por Fusarium Oxysporum Bajo Condiciones De Salinidad.
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Under normal field conditions, crop plants interact with a large number of biotic and abiotic factors that
condition their productivity limits, often constituting stress factors that deviate the plant optimum. This
article evaluated the sensitivity of tomato plants to stress induced by NaCl salts and the fungus Fusarium
oxysporum (Order Hypocreales, Family Nectriaceae) under greenhouse conditions. A phase of isolation
and identification of the fungus was performed in the lab, and then it was inoculated into tomato seedlings
(Solanum lycopersicum L.) (Family Solanaceae) variety Calima. Seedlings were seeded in pots with sterile
rice husk soil substrate and 15 days after establishment, treatments with 20, 40 and 80 mM NaCl salts were
started gradually, until the dose was completed for each treatment. The control was only watered with water.
110 days after sowing, the dry biomass was evaluated, the chlorophyll was measured with a chlorophyllometer,
the foliar area and the electrical conductivity in soil solution with a conductimeter. The total dry weight, the
leaf area, the chlorophyll concentration index were reduced as saline concentration increased and the effect
of the fungus. Foliar specific weight, efficiency in water use and electrical conductivity was higher in the
plants affected by the two factors. The simultaneous application of the two stressors, Fusarium oxysporum
and the concentration of NaCl, increased the effect of each of them and induced a higher level of stress in
tomato plants Calima variety.
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